tentang avenged sevenfold

Avenged Sevenfold (juga dikenal sebagai A7X), adalah band beraliran metal core yang berasal dari Huntington Beach, California.
Mereka berasal dari tempat yang sama dimana kesemuanya kecuali Synyster Gates berasal dari sekolah yang sama, yaitu Huntington Beach High School. Mereka terbentuk di awal tahun 1999 dimana personil awalnya hanya beranggotakan empat orang saja yaitu M.Shadows, Zacky Vengeance, The Rev dan Justin Sane (Bass).

Nama Avenged Sevenfold diambil dari salah satu kisah di dalam bibel. Walaupun mengambil nama dari bibel, M.Shadows mengakui bahwa bandnya tidak terlalu religius ataupun bertujuan untuk menyebarkan suatu kepercayaan religi atau poltik kepada penggemarnya.

Dalam perjalanannya, Avenged Sevenfold sempat berganti aliran dari metal-core menjadi lebih ke arah alternative metal. Rumor yang beredar mengatakan hal ini dikarenakan sang vokalis, M.Shadows harus menjalani operasi akibat pita suaranya yang sobek akibat melakukan scream yang terlalu keras pada sebuah konser. Namun dalam setiap kesempatan wawancara, Avenged Sevenfold sering menyangkal kebenaran rumor ini. Perubahan aliran yang mereka lakukan lebih dikarenakan mereka amat menyenangi melakukan eksperimental dalam bermusik dan ingin melakukan evolusi dalam gaya dan aliran bermusik mereka.

Avenged Sevenfold memiliki lambang yang merekan namakan “Deathbat”. Lambang ini dirancang oleh teman semasa SMA mereka, Micah Montague. Lambang ini selalu muncul di setiap konser mereka dan hampir selalu ada di setiap album mereka.

Album pertama mereka, Sounding the Seventh Trumpet direkam ketika mereka masih berumur 18 tahun. Album ini dirilis dengan label Good Life Recordings, tetapi setelah gitaris Synyster Gates masuk Avenged Sevenfold, album ini dirilis ulang dengan label Hopeless Records. Lagu “To End The Rapture” juga direkam ulang, kali ini ditambahkan dengan permainan gitar Synyster Gates. Dan akhirnya dirilis pada bulan juli 2001. Walaupun yang bermain bass dalam rekaman pembentukan album adalah Justin Sane, namun pemain bass yang tertera dalam CD skin adalah Daemon Ash. Hal ini dikarenakan sesaat sebelum proses mixing album tersebut, Justin Sane dikeluarkan dari band dan digantikan Johnny Christ. Sampai saat ini belum diketahui penyebab terusirnya Justin Sane dari band tersebut.

Pada tahun 2003, mereka pun merilis full-length album kedua mereka yang bertajuk Waking The Fallen. Album ini terjual sebanyak 175.000 copy di Amerika Serikat dan mencapai peringkat 12 di dalam Independent Album Chart di Amerika Serikat.

Album ketiga mereka, City of Evil, rilis di tahun 2005. Album tersebut merupakan salah satu album tersukses dari Avenged Sevenfold. Bahkan album tersebat sempat menduduki posisi 30 dalam US Billboard Chart dan terjual sebanyak 730.000 copy di Amerika Serikat saja. Saat itu Amerika Serikat tengah jenuh dengan musik hip-hop dan pop yang merajalela, lalu Avenged Sevenfold merilis album mereka City of Evil tepatnya pada tanggal 8 Juni, 2005. Hits single Bat Country merupakan lagu metal/rock pertama yang merajai MTV TRL. Mereka mempopulerkan kembali solo gitar dengan duet gitaris Synyster Gates dan Zacky Vengeance yang benar-benar memanaskan area moshpit. Album tersebut mendapat sertifikat gold dan memenangkan predikat Best New Artist in a Video di MTV VMA 2006 untuk lagu Bat Country.

Pada tahun 2007, mereka pun kembali menelurkan album baru yang bertajuk Avenged Sevenfold. Dalam debutnya di Amerika Serikat, album ini menempati posisi ke empat dalam Billboard 200. Album ini terjual sebanyak 94.000 copy di Amerika Serikut dalam kurun waktu satu minggu setelah perilisannya. Awal Agustus 2007, mereka menjalani tur Asia Pasifik mereka, dan sempat mampir di Indonesia dan memainkan lagu mereka pertama kali di depan publik. Lagu yang berjudul Almost Easy tersebut mendapat sambutan hangat dari penggemar di seluruh dunia. Ketika itu band punk Jogjakarta Endang Soekamti didaulat menjadi band pembuka.

Tahun 2008, mereka berpartisipasi sebagai headliners di tour Taste of Chaos bersama dengan Bullet for My Valentine, Atreyu, Blessthefall dan Idiot Pilot. Ketika tour, mereka merekam sebuah DVD yang mengandung 6 lagu baru mereka.

Dan di tahun 2008, mereka merilis sebuah album yang berisi rekaman live concert mereka di Long Beach, California yang bertajuk Live in the LBC & Diamonds in the Rough.

Anggota saat ini
M. Shadows – vokal
Synyster Gates – gitar melodi, piano, vokal
Zacky Vengeance – gitar ritmik, vokal
Johnny Christ – bass, vokal
The Rev – drum, perkusi, vokal, piano

Ciri khas
Ciri khas yang dapat andda nikmati dalam setiap musik mereka adalah nyanyian yang melodik dan screaming, hardcore riffs dan storming drum-beats. Dalam hal bermusik, Avenged Sevenfold banyak dipengaruhi oleh band-band seperti Pantera, NOFX, Misfits, Guns N’ Roses, Metallica, Dream Theater dan Iron Maiden.
Mereka cenderung memainkan nuansa agresif pada vokal, gitar, dan drum (bass tetap statis). Dengan sentuhan yang dinamis, mau keras atau lambat, mereka tetap menggunakan harmonisasi yang luar biasa dan komposisi yang teratur. Sebut saja lagu-lagu yang sedikit melow, seperti Seize The Day dan Dear God, gitarnya tetap di drop Dm seperti halnya metal-metal kebanyakan. Kemudian, ciri khasnya selain komposisi dan drop, Syn memasukkan nuansa sweep picking (arpeggio) di hampir semua lagunya. Keindahan sweep picking yang dipadukan dengan kromatik, slide, dan teknik-teknik lainnya bisa kita dengar di lagu The Wicked End. Kemudian selain itu, tidak lupa juga sentuhan akustik yang membawa suasana seperti di Hawaii, bisa kita dengar di lagu Sidewinder. Tapi, satu lagi ciri khas yang tidak pernah lepas dari mereka, menduetkan gitar Syn dan Zacky, memakai double bass dengan tempo yang beberapa kali lipat beat-nya dari biasanya.

jangka sorong

Jangka sorong adalah alat ukur yang ketelitiannya dapat mencapai seperseratus milimeter. Terdiri dari dua bagian, bagian diam dan bagian bergerak. Pembacaan hasil pengukuran sangat bergantung pada keahlian dan ketelitian pengguna maupun alat.

Sebagian keluaran terbaru sudah dilengkapi dengan bacaan digital. Pada versi analog, umumnya tingkat ketelitian adalah 0.05mm untuk jangka sorang dibawah 30cm dan 0.01 untuk yang diatas 30cm.

Dan jangka sorong merupakan suatu alat pengukuran yang cepat dan relatif teliti untuk mengukur diameter dalam, luar dan dalam suatu tabung, yang memiliki bentuk seperti gambar 1 di bawah ini.

Kegunaan jangka sorong adalah:

- untuk mengukur suatu benda dari sisi luar dengan cara diapit;

- untuk mengukur sisi dalam suatu benda yang biasanya berupa lubang (pada pipa, maupun lainnya) dengan cara diulur;

- untuk mengukur kedalamanan celah/lubang pada suatu benda dengan cara "menancapkan/menusukkan" bagian pengukur. Bagian pengukur tidak terlihat pada gambar karena berada di sisi pemegang.

Adapun penggunaan jangka sorong tersebut, adalah sebagai berikut :

~ Mengukur Diameter Luar Benda

Cara mengukur diameter, lebar atau ketebalan benda:Putarlah pengunci ke kiri, buka rahang, masukkan benda ke rahang bawah jangka sorong, geser rahang agar rahang tepat pada benda, putar pengunci ke kanan.

~ Mengukur Diameter Dalam Benda

Cara mengukur diameter bagian dalam sebuah pipa atau tabung : Putarlah pengunci ke kiri, masukkan rahang atas ke dalam benda , geser agar rahang tepat pada benda, putar pengunci ke kanan.

~ Mengukur Kedalaman Benda

Cara mengukur kedalaman benda : Putarlah pengunci ke kiri, buka rahang sorong hingga ujung lancip menyentuh dasar tabung, putar pengunci ke kanan.

Cara pembacaan skala jangka sorong yaitu :

Mula-mula perhatikan skala nonius yang berimpit dengan salah satu skala utama. Hitunglah berapa skala hingga ke angka nol. Pada gambar, skala nonius yang berimpit dengan skala utama adalah 4 skala. Artinya angka tersebut 0,4 mm.

Selanjutnya perhatikan skala utama. Pada skala utama, setelah angka nol mundur ke belakang menunjukkan angka 4.7 cm. Sehingga diameter yang diukur sama dengan 4,7 cm + 0,4 mm = 4,74 cm.

Alat dan Bahan :

Jangka Sorong 1 buah

Spidol 1 buah

B. Langkah kerja :

1. Lihatlah posisi angka nol pada skala nonius terhadap skala utama.

2. Carilah garis skala nonius yang berimpit dengan skala utama.

3. Ukurlah panjang spidol dengan mengunakan jangka sorong.

4. Lalu, ukur juga diameter lubang spidol.

5. Kemudian, kedalam lubang spidol.

6. Dan, hitung pula diameter batang.

7. Ulangi percobaan tersebut sebanyak 5 kali untuk memperoleh ketelitian

Jangka sorong

Jangka sorong digital dengan ketelitian 0.01 mm

Jangka sorong manual

Cara menggunakan jangka sorong

Jangka sorong adalah alat ukur yang ketelitiannya dapat mencapai seperseratus milimeter. Terdiri dari dua bagian, bagian diam dan bagian bergerak. Pembacaan hasil pengukuran sangat bergantung pada keahlian dan ketelitian pengguna maupun alat. Sebagian keluaran terbaru sudah dilengkapi dengan display digital. Pada versi analog, umumnya tingkat ketelitian adalah 0.05mm untuk jangka sorang dibawah 30cm dan 0.01 untuk yang diatas 30cm.

Kegunaan

Kegunaan jangka sorong adalah:

• untuk mengukur suatu benda dari sisi luar dengan cara diapit;
• untuk mengukur sisi dalam suatu benda yang biasanya berupa lubang (pada pipa, maupun lainnya) dengan cara diulur;
• untuk mengukur kedalamanan celah/lubang pada suatu benda dengan cara "menancapkan/menusukkan" bagian pengukur. Bagian pengukur tidak terlihat pada gambar karena berada di sisi pemegang.

· 

Mengukur dengan jangkasorong cara mendapat hasil ukur menggunakan jangka sorong ! A : jangka sorong terdiri atas skala diam dan skala bergerak. Pertama, silakan lihat angka pada skala diam di sebelah kiri angka nol skala bergerak (misl angka A). Kemudian, carilah angka pada skala bergerak yang berhimpit dengan garis skala diam (misal angka B). Silakan jumlahkan A + (0,01xB) Bagaimana cara pengukuran dengan mikrometer? A : Mikrometer terdiri atas skala diam dan skala bergerak. Pertama, silakan lihat angka pada skala diam di sebelah kiri angka nol skala bergerak (misl angka A). Kemudian, carilah angka pada skala bergerak yang berhimpit dengan garis skala diam (misal angka B). Silakan jumlahkan A + (0,01xB) Cara menggunakan mikrometer adalah seperti berikut ini: 1. Jepit benda yang akan diukur ketebalannya dengan rahang mikrometer sampai rapat benar. 2. Amati skala utama pada tuas mikrometer. 3. Pada contoh di atas, angka yang ditunjukkan pada skala utama adalah 0,1... serta ada kelebihan yang belum kita tahu. Untuk mengetahuinya, kita lihat skala pada ruas putar. Ruas putar tersebut mempunyai skala 25 satuan dimana satu putaran penuh setara dengan 1 ruas kecil pada skala utama. Jadi, kelebihan yang belum diketahui tersebut adalah 0,025 + 0,024 = 0,049 mm Sehingga tebal kertas tersebut adalah 0,149 mm.

isi dalam album awesome as fuck

Daftar Lagu dalam Album Live “Awesome As Fuck” telah diumumkan oleh band lewat situs resminya, GreenDay.com

“Green Day recorded every show on the 21st Century Breakdown tour. When it concluded, the band members, singer-guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong, bassist Mike Dirnt, and drummer Tre Cool, sifted through the audio to deliver the best performances from their shows around the world. An iTunes Exclusive edition of the audio portion will feature two bonus tracks. The footage on the bonus DVD was shot at the band’s show in Tokyo, Japan. The package includes Green Day’s biggest hits and fan favorites, including “21 Guns,” “American Idiot,” “When I Come Around,” and “Good Riddance.” See below for full track-listing.”

Sayangnya, menurut artikel tersebut, perilisian di undur beberapa hari dari perkiraan sebelumnya yang tadinya 15 maret 2011 menjadi 22 maret 2011.
Klik disini untuk melihat Daftar Lagu Album Live “Awesome As Fuck”
CD
1. 21st Century Breakdown – (London, England)
2. Know Your Enemy – (Manchester, England)
3. East Jesus Nowhere – (Glasgow, Scotland)
4. Holiday – (Dublin, Ireland)
5. Gloria – (Dallas, Texas)
6. Cigarettes And Valentines – (Phoenix, Arizona)
7. Burnout – (Irvine, California)
8. Pasalaqua – (Chula Vista, California )
9. JAR – (Detroit, Michigan – August 23rd 2010)
10. Holden Caulfield – (New York, New York)
11. Geek Stink Breath – (Saitama-shi, Japan)
12. When I Come Around – (Berlin, Germany)
13. She – (Brisbane, Australia – December 8th 2009)
14. 21 Guns – (Mountain View, California)
15. American Idiot – (Montreal, QUE)
16. Wake Me Up – (Nickelsdorf, Austria)
17. Good Riddance – (Nickelsdorf, Austria)
DELUXE ALBUM BONUS TRACKS (ALL DIGITAL RETAILERS EXCEPT iTUNES)
1. Letterbomb – (Chula Vista, California)
2. Christie Road – (Hartford, Connecticut)
iTUNES BONUS TRACKS
1. Letterbomb – (Chula Vista, California)
2. Christie Road – (Hartford, Connecticut)
3. Paper Lanterns/2000 Light Years Away – (Alpharetta, Georgia) (iTunes Exclusive)
DVD
“21st Century Breakdown”
“Know Your Enemy”
“East Jesus Nowhere”
“Holiday”
“Static Age”
“Gloria”
“Blvd. Of Broken Dreams”
“Burnout”
“Geek Stink Breath”
“Welcome To Paradise”
“When I Come Around”
“She”
“21 Guns”
“American Eulogy”
“Jesus Of Suburbia”
“Good Riddance”

keseimbangan ban

keseimbangan Ban, juga disebut sebagai ketidakseimbangan ban atau ketidakseimbangan, menggambarkan distribusi massa di dalam sebuah mobil ban atau roda yang terpasang. When the tire rotates, asymmetries of mass cause the wheel to wobble, which can cause ride disturbances, usually vertical and lateral vibrations. Ketika berputar ban, asimetri massa menyebabkan roda untuk goyangan, yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan naik, biasanya getaran vertikal dan lateral. It can also result in a wobbling of the steering. Hal ini juga dapat mengakibatkan bergoyang-goyang dari kemudi. The ride disturbance due to unbalance usually increases with speed. Gangguan naik karena tidak seimbang biasanya meningkat dengan kecepatan. Vehicle suspensions can be excited by tire unbalance forces when the speed of the wheel reaches a point that its rotating frequency equals the suspension's resonant frequency. Kendaraan suspensi bisa senang dengan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan ban saat kecepatan roda mencapai titik yang sama dengan frekuensi putar frekuensi resonansi suspensi itu. Tires are inspected in factories and repair shops by two methods: static balancers and dynamic balancers. Ban diperiksa di pabrik-pabrik dan toko perbaikan oleh dua metode: balancers balancers statis dan dinamis. Tires with high unbalance forces are downgraded or rejected. Ban dengan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan tinggi diturunkan atau ditolak. When tires are fitted to wheels at the point of sale, they are measured again, and correction weights are applied to counteract the combined effect of the tire and wheel unbalance. Ketika ban dipasang ke roda pada titik penjualan, mereka diukur lagi, dan bobot koreksi diterapkan untuk melawan dampak gabungan dari ketidakseimbangan ban dan roda.

Contents Isi [hide] 1 Static balance 1 Static saldo 2 Dynamic balance 2 Dinamis saldo 3 The physics of dynamic balance 3 Fisika keseimbangan dinamis 4 Environmental consequences 4 Lingkungan konsekuensi 5 See also 5 Lihat juga 6 References 6 Referensi

[ edit ] Static balance [ sunting ] saldo Statis

Static balance can be measured by a static balancing machine where the tire is placed in its vertical axis on a non-rotating spindle tool. Keseimbangan statis dapat diukur dengan statis mesin menyeimbangkan mana ban ditempatkan di sumbu vertikal pada poros berputar alat-non. The spot on the tire with the greatest mass is acted upon by gravity to deflect the tooling downward. Tempat pada ban dengan massa yang terbesar adalah ditindaklanjuti oleh gravitasi untuk membelokkan perkakas ke bawah. The amount of deflection indicates the magnitude of the unbalance. Jumlah defleksi menunjukkan besarnya ketidakseimbangan. The angle of the deflection indicates the angular location of the unbalance. Sudut defleksi menunjukkan lokasi sudut ketidakseimbangan. In tire manufacturing factories static balancers operate by use of sensors mounted to the spindle assembly. Di pabrik-pabrik industri ban balancers statis beroperasi dengan menggunakan sensor dipasang ke poros perakitan. In tire retail shops static balancers are most usually non-rotating bubble balancers, where the magnitude and angle of the unbalance is observed by looking at the center bubble in an oil-filled glass sighting gauge. Di toko-toko ban eceran balancers statis paling biasanya non-rotating balancers gelembung, dimana besarnya dan sudut ketidakseimbangan yang diamati dengan melihat pusat gelembung dalam gelas ukur berisi minyak penampakan. While some very small shops which lack specialized machines still do this process, they have been largely replaced in larger shops with machines. Sementara beberapa toko-toko yang sangat kecil yang tidak mesin-mesin khusus masih melakukan proses ini, mereka telah digantikan di toko-toko yang lebih besar dengan mesin.

[ edit ] Dynamic balance [ sunting ] saldo Dinamis

Dynamic balance describes the forces generated by asymmetric mass distribution when the tire is rotated, usually at a high speed. keseimbangan dinamis menggambarkan kekuatan yang dihasilkan oleh distribusi massa asimetris ketika ban diputar, biasanya pada kecepatan tinggi. In the tire factory the tire is mounted on a balancing machine test wheel, the assembly is accelerated up to a speed of 300 RPM or higher, and sensors measure the forces of unbalance as the tire rotates. Di pabrik ban ban sudah terpasang pada mesin balancing wheel test, perakitan dipercepat hingga kecepatan 300 RPM atau lebih tinggi, dan sensor mengukur kekuatan ketidakseimbangan sebagai ban berputar. These forces are resolved into static and couple values for the inner and outer planes of the wheel, and compared to the unbalance tolerance (the maximum allowable manufacturing limits). Kekuatan ini diselesaikan ke dalam nilai-nilai statis dan pasangan untuk pesawat dalam dan luar roda, dan dibandingkan dengan toleransi ketidakseimbangan (manufaktur batas maksimum). If the tire is not potentially checked, it has the potential to wobble and give an perform poorly. ^{[ 1 ]} In tire retail shops tire/wheel assemblies are checked on a spin-balancer, which determines the amount and angle of unbalance. Jika ban tidak berpotensi diperiksa, ia memiliki potensi untuk goyangan dan memberikan berkinerja buruk. ^[1] Dalam retail ban toko ban / roda rakitan diperiksa pada penyeimbang-spin, yang menentukan jumlah dan sudut ketidakseimbangan. Balance weights are then fitted to the outer and inner flanges of the wheel. bobot Saldo tersebut kemudian dipasang pada flensa luar dan dalam dari roda. Dynamic balance is better (it is more comprehensive) than static balance alone, because both couple and static forces are measured and corrected. Dynamic keseimbangan lebih baik (adalah lebih komprehensif) dari keseimbangan statis saja, karena baik pasangan dan kekuatan statis diukur dan dikoreksi.

[ edit ] The physics of dynamic balance [ sunting ] Fisika keseimbangan dinamis

Physics of tire imbalance Fisika ketidakseimbangan ban

Mathematically, the moment of inertia of the wheel is a tensor . Secara matematis, momen inersia roda adalah tensor . That is, to a first approximation (neglecting deformations due to its elasticity) the wheel and axle assembly are a rigid rotor to which the engine and brakes apply a torque vector aligned with the axle. Artinya, untuk pendekatan pertama (mengabaikan deformasi karena elastisitas) roda dan perakitan poros adalah kaku rotor yang mesin dan rem menerapkan torsi vektor sejajar dengan as roda. If that torque vector is not aligned with the principal axis of the moment of inertia, the resultant angular acceleration will be in a different direction from the applied torque. Jika vektor torsi tidak sejajar dengan sumbu utama dari momen inersia, percepatan sudut yang dihasilkan akan berada dalam arah yang berbeda dari torsi diterapkan. Whenever a rotor is forced to rotate about an axis that is not a principal axis, an external torque is needed. Setiap kali sebuah rotor dipaksa untuk berputar pada sumbu yang bukan sumbu utama, sebuah torsi eksternal diperlukan. This is not a torque about the rotation axis (as in a driving or braking torque), but is a torque perpendicular to that direction. Ini bukan torsi sekitar sumbu rotasi (seperti pada torsi atau pengereman mengemudi), tetapi merupakan torsi tegak lurus ke arah itu. If the rotor is suspended by bearings, this torque is created by reaction forces in the bearings (acting perpendicular to the shaft). Jika rotor dihentikan oleh bantalan, torsi ini diciptakan oleh kekuatan reaksi dalam bantalan (bertindak tegak lurus terhadap poros). These reaction forces turn with the shaft as the rotor turns, at every point producing exactly the torque needed to keep the wheel rotating about the non-principal axis. Kekuatan-kekuatan reaksi gilirannya dengan poros sebagai rotor berubah, di setiap titik menghasilkan persis torsi diperlukan untuk menjaga roda berputar tentang sumbu non-pokok. These reaction forces can excite the structure to which they are attached. Kekuatan-kekuatan reaksi dapat merangsang struktur yang mereka terpasang. In the case of a car, the suspension elements can vibrate giving an uncomfortable feel to the car occupants. Dalam kasus mobil, elemen suspensi dapat bergetar memberikan merasa tidak nyaman dengan penghuni mobil. In practical terms, the wheel will wobble. Dalam istilah praktis, roda akan bergetar. Automotive technicians reduce the wobble to an acceptable level when balancing the wheel by adding small weights to the inner and outer wheel rims. teknisi Otomotif mengurangi goyangan ke tingkat yang dapat diterima ketika menyeimbangkan roda dengan menambahkan beban kecil untuk roda pinggiran dalam dan luar. Balancing is not to be confused with wheel alignment . Menyeimbangkan tidak boleh disamakan dengan keselarasan roda .

[ edit ] Environmental consequences [ sunting ] konsekuensi Lingkungan

Every year millions of small weights are attached to tires by automotive technicians balancing them (according to the US Environmental Protection Agency, worldwide these total about 70,000 tons of lead annually ). ^{[ 2 ]} Traditionally, these weights have been made of lead , but since lead is a toxic metal political authorities and industrial groups are in the process of converting to materials that are less toxic than lead. ^{[ 3 ]} The tire weight shown in the illustration has a "Zn" stamp, indicating it is made of zinc rather than lead. Setiap tahun jutaan bobot kecil melekat pada ban dengan teknisi otomotif menyeimbangkan mereka (menurut US Environmental Protection Agency di seluruh dunia jumlah ini, sekitar 70.000 ton timah per tahun). ^[2] Secara tradisional, bobot ini telah dibuat dari timah , tapi karena memimpin adalah otoritas politik logam beracun dan kelompok industri dalam proses konversi dengan bahan yang kurang toksik dari timah. ^[3] Berat ban ditunjukkan pada gambar memiliki "Zn" cap, yang menandakan bahwa ia terbuat dari seng daripada memimpin. In 2005, Hunter Engineering (a leading manufacturer of wheel balancing machines) introduced a new balancing algorithm called SmartWeight which reduces the use of lead wheel weights by up to 40% while still providing a true dynamic balance. Pada tahun 2005, Hunter Rekayasa (produsen terkemuka mesin balancing roda) memperkenalkan algoritma keseimbangan baru yang disebut SmartWeight yang mengurangi penggunaan bobot roda dipimpin oleh hingga 40%, sementara masih menyediakan keseimbangan dinamis sejati.

tentang GREEN DAY

Formation and Lookout years: 1987–1993

	"Welcome to Paradise" Sample of "Welcome to Paradise" from Kerplunk (1992) This was before Green Day re-recorded the song for its major-label debut Dookie.
Problems listening to this file? See media help.

In 1987, friends Billie Joe Armstrong and Mike Dirnt, 15 years old at the time, formed a band called Sweet Children. Its first live performance took
place on October 17, 1987 at Rod's Hickory Pit in Vallejo, California where Armstrong's mother was working.^[7] In 1988, Armstrong and Dirnt began working with Sean Hughes and the former Isocracy drummer John Kiffmeyer, also known as Al Sobrante. Kiffmeyer served as both the band's drummer and business manager, handling the booking of performances and helping the band establish a fan base, and Sean Hughes served as the band's bassist.^[8] As said in the film Punk's Not Dead, Armstrong cites the band Operation Ivy (which featured Tim Armstrong and Matt Freeman of Rancid) as a major influence, and a band that drove him to form a band.
After Hughes left Green Day in 1988, Larry Livermore, owner of Lookout! Records, saw the band play an early show and signed them to his label. In 1989, they recorded their first extended play, 1,000 Hours. Before 1,000 Hours was released, the band dropped the name Sweet Children; according to Livermore, this was done to avoid confusion with another local band Sweet Baby.^[9] The band adopted the name Green Day, allegedly due to their fondness of marijuana.^[10]
Lookout! would release Green Day's debut album, 39/Smooth in early 1990. Green Day would record two EPs later that year, Slappy and Sweet Children, the latter of which included older songs that the band had recorded for the Minneapolis independent record label Skene! Records. In 1991, Lookout! Records released 1,039/Smoothed Out Slappy Hours, a compilation of the 39/Smooth, Slappy, and 1,000 Hours EPs. In late 1990, shortly after the band's first nationwide tour, Sobrante left the East Bay area to attend college.^[8] The Lookouts drummer Tré Cool began filling in as a temporary replacement, and when it became clear that Sobrante did not plan to commit to the band full time, Cool's position as Green Day's drummer became permanent. The band went on tour for most of 1992 and 1993, and played a number of shows overseas in Europe. The band's second studio album Kerplunk sold 50,000 copies in the U.S.^[11]

Armstrong performing in 1994.

Breakthrough success: 1994–1996

Kerplunk's underground success led to a number of major record labels being interested in signing the band, and the band eventually left Lookout! on friendly terms and signed to Reprise Records after attracting the attention of producer Rob Cavallo. The band was impressed by his work with fellow Californian band The Muffs, and later remarked that Cavallo "was the only person we could really talk to and connect with".^[12] Signing to Reprise caused many punk rock fans to regard Green Day as sellouts.^[1] Reflecting on the period, Armstrong told Spin magazine in 1999, "I couldn't go back to the punk scene, whether we were the biggest success in the world or the biggest failure ... The only thing I could do was get on my bike and go forward."^[13] After signing with Reprise, the band went to work on recording its major label debut, Dookie.

	"Longview" Sample of "Longview", the first single from Dookie, which combined a memorable bass line with a guitar riff and drums introduced in the chorus. "Basket Case" Sample of "Basket Case", the third single from Dookie, which was about Armstrong's panic attacks.
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Recorded in three weeks, and released in February 1994,^[14] Dookie became a commercial success, helped by extensive MTV airplay for the videos of the songs "Longview", "Basket Case", and "When I Come Around", all of which reached the number one position on the Modern Rock Tracks charts. That year, Green Day embarked on a nationwide tour with queercore band Pansy Division as its opening act. At a September 9, 1994 performance at Boston Esplanade, mayhem broke-out during the band's set (cut short to seven songs) and by the end of the rampage, 100 people were injured and 45 arrested.^[15] The band also joined the lineups of both the Lollapalooza festival and Woodstock 1994, where they started an infamous mud fight. During the concert, a security guard mistook bassist Mike Dirnt for a stage-invading fan and punched out some of his teeth.^[16] Viewed by millions by pay-per-view television, the Woodstock 1994 performance further aided Green Day's growing publicity and recognition,^[12] and helped push its album to eventual diamond status. In 1995, Dookie won the Grammy Award for Best Alternative Album and the band was nominated for nine MTV Video Music Awards including Video of the Year.^[17]
In 1995, a new single for the Angus soundtrack was released, entitled "J.A.R.". The single debuted at number one on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart. The song was followed by the band's fourth studio album, Insomniac, which was released in the fall of 1995. Insomniac was a much darker and heavier response to the band's newfound popularity, compared to the more melodic Dookie.^[12] The album opened to a warm critical reception, earning 4 out of 5 stars from Rolling Stone, which said "In punk, the good stuff actually unfolds and gains meaning as you listen without sacrificing any of its electric, haywire immediacy. And Green Day are as good as this stuff gets."^[18] The singles released from Insomniac were "Geek Stink Breath", "Stuck with Me", "Brain Stew/Jaded", and "Walking Contradiction". Though the album did not approach the success of Dookie, it sold two million copies in the United States.^[19] In addition, the album won the band award nominations for Favorite Artist, Favorite Hard Rock Artist, and Favorite Alternative Artist at the 1996 American Music Awards, and the video for "Walking Contradiction" got the band a Grammy nomination for Best Video, Short Form, in addition to a Best Special Effects nomination at the MTV Video Music Awards.^[20] After that, the band abruptly cancelled a European tour, citing exhaustion.^[21]

Middle years and decline in popularity: 1997–2002

After a brief hiatus in 1996, Green Day began to work on a new album in 1997. From the outset, both the band and Cavallo agreed that the album had to be different from its previous albums.^[22] The result was Nimrod, an experimental deviation from the band's standard pop-punk brand of music. The new album was released in October 1997. It provided a variety of music, from pop-punk, surf rock, and ska, to an acoustic ballad. Nimrod entered the charts at number 10. The success of "Good Riddance (Time of Your Life)" won the band an MTV Video Award for Best Alternative Video for the song's video, which depicted people undergoing major changes in their lives while Armstrong strummed his acoustic guitar.^[23] The song was also used in the second "clip show" episode of Seinfeld and on two episodes of ER. The other singles released from Nimrod were "Nice Guys Finish Last", "Hitchin' a Ride" and "Redundant". The band made a guest appearance in an episode of King of the Hill entitled "The Man Who Shot Cane Skretteberg", which aired in 1997. In late 1997 and most of 1998, Green Day embarked on a tour in support of Nimrod.
In 2000, Green Day released its sixth studio album Warning, a step further in the style that they had hinted at with Nimrod. In support of the album, the band participated in the Warped Tour in 2000. The band also had an independent tour to support the album in 2001. Critics' reviews of the album were varied.^[24] Allmusic gave it 4.5/5 saying "Warning may not be an innovative record per se, but it's tremendously satisfying."^[25] Rolling Stone was more critical, giving it 3/5, and saying "Warning... invites the question: Who wants to listen to songs of faith, hope and social commentary from what used to be snot-core's biggest-selling band?"^[26] Though it produced the hit "Minority" and a smaller hit with "Warning", some observers were coming to the conclusion that the band was losing relevance,^[24] and a decline in popularity followed. While all of Green Day's previous albums had reached a status of at least double platinum, Warning was only certified gold.
At the 2001 California Music Awards, Green Day won all eight awards that they were nominated for. They won the awards for Outstanding Album (Warning), Outstanding Punk Rock/Ska Album (Warning), Outstanding Group, Outstanding Male Vocalist, Outstanding Bassist, Outstanding Drummer, Outstanding Songwriter, and Outstanding Artist.^[27]
The release of two compilation albums, International Superhits! and Shenanigans, followed Warning. International Superhits and its companion collection of music videos, International Supervideos!, sold well, being certified platinum in the U.S. Shenanigans contained some of the band's b-sides, including "Espionage" which was featured in Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me and was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance.
In the spring of 2002, Green Day co-headlined the Pop Disaster Tour with Blink-182. Despite the co-headlining title, Green Day would play each show before Blink-182, who at the time were experiencing more success. The tour was documented on the DVD Riding in Vans with Boys.

American Idiot and renewed success: 2003–2006

Tre Cool (bottom left) and Mike Dirnt (right) performing on July 27, 2005.

In the summer of 2003, the band went into a studio to write and record new material for a new album, tentatively titled Cigarettes and Valentines.^[28] After completing 20 tracks, the master recordings were stolen from the studio by an unknown individual. Instead of re-recording the stolen tracks, the band decided to abandon the entire project and start over, considering the material to be unrepresentative of the band's best work.^[29] It was then revealed that a band called The Network was signed to Armstrong's record label Adeline Records with little fanfare and information. After the mysterious band released an album called Money Money 2020, it was rumored that The Network was a Green Day side project, due to the similarities in the bands sounds.^[30] However, these rumors were never addressed by the band or Adeline Records, except for a statement on the Adeline website discussing an ongoing dispute between the two bands.^[30]
Green Day collaborated with Iggy Pop on two tracks for his album Skull Ring in November 2003. On February 1, 2004 a new song, a cover of "I Fought the Law" made its debut on a commercial for iTunes during NFL Super Bowl XXXVIII. The band underwent serious "band therapy", engaging in a number of long talks to work out the members' differences after accusations from Dirnt and Cool that Armstrong was "the band's Nazi"^[31] and a show-off bent on taking the limelight from the other band members.
The resulting album, American Idiot (2004), debuted at number one on the Billboard charts, the band's first album to reach number one, backed by the success of the album's first single, "American Idiot". The album was labeled as a "punk rock opera" which follows the journey of the fictitious "Jesus of Suburbia".^[32] American Idiot won the 2005 Grammy for "Best Rock Album" and the band swept the 2005 MTV music awards, winning a total of seven of the eight awards they were nominated for, including the Viewer's Choice Award.^[33]
Through 2005, the band toured in support of the album with nearly 150 dates — the longest tour in its career — visiting Japan, Australia, South America and the United Kingdom. While touring for American Idiot, they filmed and recorded the two concerts at the Milton Keynes National Bowl in England, which was voted 'The Best Show On Earth' in a Kerrang! Magazine Poll.
These recordings were released as a live CD and DVD called Bullet in a Bible on November 15, 2005. This CD/DVD featured songs from American Idiot as well as a songs from all its previous albums, except Kerplunk and 1,039/Smoothed Out Slappy Hours. The DVD featured behind-the-scenes footage of the band, and showed how the band prepared to put on the show. The final shows of its 2005 world tour were in Sydney, Australia, and Melbourne, Australia, on December 14 and 17 respectively. On January 10, 2006 the band was awarded with a People's Choice Award for favorite group.

Green Day live in Germany during the American Idiot tour.

On August 1, 2005, Green Day announced that it had rescinded the master rights to its pre-Dookie material from Lookout! Records, citing a continuing breach of contract regarding unpaid royalties, a complaint shared with other Lookout! bands.^[34] The pre-Dookie material, which remained out of print for about a year, was reissued by the band's current label, Reprise, on January 9, 2007.^[35]
In 2006, Green Day won the Grammy Award for Record of the Year for "Boulevard of Broken Dreams"^[36] which spent 16 weeks at the number one position of Billboard's Modern Rock Tracks, a record it shared along with Red Hot Chili Peppers' "Scar Tissue" and Staind's "It's Been Awhile", (the record has been since been beaten by the Foo Fighters' 2007 song "The Pretender" which was at number one for 18 weeks).

Foxboro Hot Tubs and 21st Century Breakdown: 2007–2009

Green Day engaged in a number of other smaller projects in the time following the success of American Idiot. They released an album under the band name Foxboro Hot Tubs entitled Stop Drop and Roll!!!. In 2008, the Foxboro Hot Tubs went on a mini-tour to promote the record, hitting tiny Bay Area venues including the Stork Club in Oakland and Toot's Tavern in Crockett, CA.^[37]

Green Day performing during a secret show at the Kesselhaus in Berlin on May 7, 2009.

In an interview with Kerrang!, Armstrong revealed that 2008 would "be a fair estimate of the release date of their new untitled eighth studio album for Green Day."^[38] In an interview with Carson Daly, Garbage lead singer Shirley Manson revealed that Butch Vig would be producing Green Day's forthcoming album.^[39] The span of nearly five years between American Idiot and 21st Century Breakdown was the longest gap between studio albums in Green Day's career. The band had been working on new material since January 2006. By October 2007, Armstrong had 45 songs written, but the band showed no further signs of progress until October 2008, when two videos showing the band recorded in the studio with producer Butch Vig were posted on YouTube.^[40][41] The writing and recording process, spanning three years and four recording studios, was finally finished in April 2009.^[42]
21st Century Breakdown, was released on May 15, 2009.^[43] The album received a mainly positive reception from critics, getting an average rating between 3 and 4 stars.^[44][45] After the release, the album reached number one in fourteen countries, being certified gold or platinum in each. 21st Century Breakdown achieved Green Day's best chart performance to date. The band started playing shows in California in April and early May. It was their first live show in about three years. Green Day went on a world tour that started in North America in July 2009 and continuing around the world throughout the rest of 2009 and early 2010.^[46] Wal-Mart refused to carry the album as it contains a Parental Advisory sticker and requested that Green Day release a censored edition. The band members did not wish to change any lyrics on the album and responded by stating, "There's nothing dirty about our record... They want artists to censor their records in order to be carried in there. We just said no. We've never done it before. You feel like you're in 1953 or something."^[47][48]
In 2009, the band met with award-winning director Michael Mayer and many cast and crew members of the Tony Award-winning musical Spring Awakening to create a stage version of the album American Idiot. American Idiot: The Musical opened in the Berkeley Repertory Theatre during the end of 2009. The show features an expanded story of the original album, with new characters such as Will, Extraordinary Girl, and Favorite Son.

American Idiot: The Musical on Broadway and the ninth studio album: 2010–present

On April 20, 2010, American Idiot: The Musical opened on Broadway, and Green Day released the soundtrack to the musical, featuring a new song by Green Day entitled "When It's Time". In June 2010 the UK iTunes Store received the single "When It's Time".^[49] During the Spike TV Video Game Awards 2009, it was announced that Green Day was set to have its own Rock Band video game, as a follow-up to the last band specific Rock Band game, The Beatles: Rock Band. The game was released on June 8, 2010. The game features the full albums of Dookie, American Idiot, and 21st Century Breakdown as well as select songs from the rest of Green Day's discography.
Green Day plan on having a follow-up album within the next couple of years, but no specific dates have been stated. They have said that they are writing new material.^[50] In an interview with Kerrang! magazine, Armstrong spoke about the possible new album: "We did some demos in Berlin, some in Stockholm, some just outside of Glasgow and some in Amsterdam. We wanted get [the songs] down in some early form."^[51] On August 24, 2010, the band posted on their Twitter account that there is a possibility that a new live album will be released soon: "We've been recording our live shows since the beginning of tour. Possible Live album coming. A ton of songs! We're in texas!"^[52] On August 28, the band mentioned the live album again at a show in Denver, Colorado. Armstrong told the audience, "Hey, I just want to tell you something right now. We are recording a live fucking album right now", before playing a "new" song called "Cigarettes and Valentines", which was the title track from the unreleased album from 2003.^[53] The band also stated that they were recording a live album during the entire tour on the last date of the tour in Mountain View, California, also before playing the song "Cigarettes and Valentines".
In October 2010, Dirnt was interviewed by Radio W, mentioning that they have completed the writing process of the ninth studio album and stating that, "We are always working on songs, when its time and when the music is right we will put it out. I like to think that we have enough material right now to put out a great record, but we want to go back home and make sure that it's perfect for everybody before we put it out." In the interview, Dirnt also mentions that the new live album will "most likely" be released with a live film.^[54] Shortly after the interview, there was a live Ustream broadcast with the band, where they announced that they had written 30 songs for the ninth album, and that they have recorded every show (audio and video) for the live album.^[55] The live CD/DVD and CD/Blu-Ray entitled Awesome as Fuck was released on March 22, 2011.^[56]

Musical style and influences

Green Day performing "King for a Day," a ska-inspired song featuring saxophones and trumpets.

Green Day's sound is often compared to first wave punk bands such as the Ramones, The Clash, Sex Pistols, Stiff Little Fingers, The Jam, and the Buzzcocks.^[21][57] While Armstrong is the primary songwriter, he looks to the other band members for organizational help.^[58] Billie Joe Armstrong has mentioned that some of his biggest influences are seminal alternative rock bands Hüsker Dü and The Replacements, and that their influence is particularly noted in the band's chord changes in songs.^[21] Green Day has covered Hüsker Dü's "Don't Want to Know If You Are Lonely" as a b-side to the "Warning" single, and the character "Mr. Whirly" in their song "Misery" is a reference to the Replacements song of the same name.^[59] Among other influences, Green Day have also cited The Who and power pop pioneers Cheap Trick.^[60]
The band has generated controversy over whether the band's musical style and major-label status constitutes as "true punk".^[61] In reaction to both the style of music and the background of the band, John Lydon, former front man of the 1970s punk band the Sex Pistols commented:

"So there we are fending off all that and it pisses me off that years later a wank outfit like Green Day hop in and nick all that and attach it to themselves. They didn't earn their wings to do that and if they were true punk they wouldn't look anything like they do."^[62]

Armstrong himself has discussed their status of being a punk band on a major label, saying "Sometimes I think we've become totally redundant because we're this big band now, we've made a lot of money - we're not punk rock any more. But then I think about it and just say, 'You can take us out of a punk rock environment, but you can't take the punk rock out of us.'"^[61] English rock musician Noel Gallagher of Oasis also complained about the band semi-jokingly, claiming that they ripped off his song "Wonderwall" with their song "Boulevard of Broken Dreams".^[63]

Related projects

Main article: Green Day related projects

Since 1991, members of the band have branched out past Green Day and have started other projects with other musicians. Notable related projects of Green Day include Billie Joe Armstrong's Pinhead Gunpowder (which also features Green Day's live back-up guitarist Jason White), The Frustrators in which Mike Dirnt plays bass, and The Network, in which all three members of Green Day play under fake stage names.^[64] Billie Joe Armstrong has also confirmed that the main members of Green Day are in the band Foxboro Hot Tubs. A Foxboro Hot Tubs album titled Stop Drop and Roll!!! was released on May 20, 2008.^[65]
In September 2006, Green Day collaborated with U2 and producer Rick Rubin to record a cover of the song "The Saints Are Coming", originally recorded by The Skids, with an accompanying video. The song was recorded to benefit Music Rising, an organization to help raise money for musicians' instruments lost during Hurricane Katrina, and to bring awareness on the eve of the one year anniversary of the disaster.^[66]

	"Working Class Hero" "Working Class Hero", a cover of a John Lennon song, was released on the Instant Karma CD.
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In December 2006, Green Day and NRDC opened a web site in partnership to raise awareness on America's dependency on oil.^[67][68]
Green Day released a cover of the John Lennon song "Working Class Hero", which was featured on the album Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur. The band performed the song on the season finale of American Idol. The song was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2008, though lost to The White Stripes' "Icky Thump". That summer, the band appeared in a cameo role in The Simpsons Movie, where they perform the show's theme song. Their version was released as a single on July 24, 2007.
In 2009, the band collaborated with theatre director Michael Mayer to adapt their rock opera American Idiot into a one-act stage musical that premiered at the Berkeley Rep on September 15, 2009. The show then moved to Broadway on April 20, 2010.
The reviews of American Idiot: The Musical have been positive to mixed. Charles Isherwood of The New York Times wrote an enthusiastic review for the Broadway production. He called the show "a pulsating portrait of wasted youth that invokes all the standard genre conventions ... only to transcend them through the power of its music and the artistry of its execution, the show is as invigorating and ultimately as moving as anything I’ve seen on Broadway this season. Or maybe for a few seasons past." Jed Gottleib of the Boston Herald enjoyed the premise of the show but found that "the music and message suffer in a setting where the audience is politely, soberly seated".^[69] Michael Kuchiwara of the Associated Press found the show to be "visually striking [and] musically adventurous", but noted that "the show has the barest wisp of a story and minimal character development".^[70] Paul Kolnik in USA Today enjoyed the contradiction that Green Day's "massively popular, starkly disenchanted album ... would be the feel-good musical of the season".^[71] Time magazine's Richard Zoglin opined that the score "is as pure a specimen of contemporary punk rock as Broadway has yet encountered [yet] there's enough variety. ... Where the show fall short is as a fully developed narrative." He concluded that "American Idiot, despite its earnest huffing and puffing, remains little more than an annotated rock concert. ... Still, [it] deserves at least two cheers – for its irresistible musical energy and for opening fresh vistas for that odd couple, rock and Broadway."^[72] Peter Travers from Rolling Stone, in his review of American Idiot, wrote "Though American Idiot carries echoes of such rock musicals as Tommy, Hair, Rent and Spring Awakening, it cuts its own path to the heart. You won’t know what hit you. American Idiot knows no limits — it's a global knockout."^[73]
The musical has been nominated for a number of Tony Awards, including Best Musical and Best Scenic Design. It was also nominated for a number of Drama Desk Awards and Outer Critics Circle Awards.
In October 2009, a Green Day art project was exhibited at StolenSpace Gallery in London. The exhibition showed artworks created for each of the songs on 21st Century Breakdown, was supported by the band, and led by their manager Pat Magnarella.^[74] He explained in an interview that "[Artists are] basically like rock bands. Most are creating their art, but don't know how to promote it."^[75] For Billie Joe Armstrong, "Many of the artists... show their work on the street, and we feel a strong connection to that type of creative expression."^[76]

Band members

Current members

• Billie Joe Armstrong – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, lead guitar, harmonica, piano in studio (1987–present)
• Mike Dirnt – bass, backing vocals (1987–present), guitar (1987)
• Tré Cool – drums, percussion (1990–present)

Former members

• Al Sobrante – drums, percussion (1987–1990)
• Sean Hughes – bass (1987)

Current touring members

• Jason White – lead guitar, rhythm guitar, piano, backing vocals (1999–present)
• Jason Freese – keyboards, piano, saxophone, trombone, backing vocals (2003–present)
• Jeff Matika – rhythm guitar, acoustic guitar, backing vocals (2009–present)

Former touring members

• Timmy Chunks – rhythm guitar (1997–1999)
• Garth Schultz – trombone, trumpet (1997–1999)
• Gabrial McNair – trombone, tenor saxophone (1999–2001)
• Kurt Lohmiller – trumpet, timpani, percussion, backing vocals (1999–2004)
• Mike Pelino – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2004–2005)
• Ronnie Blake – trumpet, timpani, percussion, backing vocals (2004–2005)

Discography

Main article: Green Day discography

• 39/Smooth (1990)
• Kerplunk (1992)
• Dookie (1994)
• Insomniac (1995)
• Nimrod (1997)
• Warning (2000)
• American Idiot (2004)
• 21st Century Breakdown (2009)

See also

	Book: Green Day
Wikipedia Books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print.

Green Day portal

• List of awards and nominations received by Green Day

Notes

• Cohen, Johnathan (2004). "Green Day's 'Idiot' Fueling Banner Year" (http). Billboard.com. Archived from the original on 2005-04-06. http://web.archive.org/web/20050406004634/http://www.billboard.com/bb/daily/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000732979. Retrieved July 27, 2005. 
• Cohen, Johnathan (2005). "Green Day not ready to rest 'Idiot'" (http). Billboard.com. Archived from the original on 2005-11-28. http://web.archive.org/web/20051128132455/http://www.billboard.com/bb/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000991882. Retrieved July 27, 2005. 
• Spitz, Marc. Nobody Likes You: Inside the Turbulent Life, Times, and Music of Green Day. New York: Hyperion, 2006. ISBN 1-4013-0274-2
• The Green Day Story (Broadcast on Radio 1 Mon June 20, 2005) (Alternate Link (rpm. file))

References

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3. ^ DeRogatis, Jim. Milk It!: Collected Musings on the Alternative Music Explosion of the 90's. Cambridge: Da Capo, 2003. Pg. 357, ISBN 0-306-81271-1
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6. ^ Records sold worldwide. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
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27. ^ Green Day Authority. "Band Awards - Warning" "Green Day Authority".
28. ^ Spitz, pg. 152.
29. ^ Coplan, Chris (2010-08-31). "Watch: Green Day debut “Cigarettes and Valentines” and “Olivia”". Consequence of Sound. http://consequenceofsound.net/2010/08/31/watch-green-day-debut-cigarettes-and-valentines-and-olivia/. Retrieved 2011-01-08. 
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35. ^ Reissue Article on greendayauthority.com
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[hide]v · d · eGreen Day
Billie Joe Armstrong • Mike Dirnt • Tré Cool John Kiffmeyer
Studio albums	39/Smooth • Kerplunk • Dookie • Insomniac • Nimrod • Warning • American Idiot • 21st Century Breakdown
Live albums	Foot in Mouth • Bowling Bowling Bowling Parking Parking • Bullet in a Bible • Last Night on Earth: Live in Tokyo • Awesome as Fuck
Compilation albums	1,039/Smoothed Out Slappy Hours • International Superhits! • Shenanigans
EPs	1,000 Hours • Slappy • Sweet Children
Video albums	International Supervideos! • Bullet in a Bible • Awesome as Fuck
Singles	"Longview" • "Welcome to Paradise" • "Basket Case" • "When I Come Around" • "She" • "J.A.R." • "Geek Stink Breath" • "Stuck with Me" • "Brain Stew/Jaded" • "Walking Contradiction" • "Hitchin' a Ride" • "Good Riddance (Time of Your Life)" • "Redundant" • "Nice Guys Finish Last" • "Minority" • "Warning" • "Waiting" • "I Fought the Law" • "American Idiot" • "Boulevard of Broken Dreams" • "Holiday" • "Wake Me Up When September Ends" • "Jesus of Suburbia" • "The Saints Are Coming" • "Working Class Hero" • "The Simpsons Theme" • "Know Your Enemy" • "21 Guns" • "East Jesus Nowhere" • "21st Century Breakdown" • "Last of the American Girls" • "When It's Time"
Tours	Pop Disaster Tour • 21st Century Breakdown World Tour
Related articles	Discography • Awards and nominations • Side projects • Lookout! Records • Adeline Records • Jason White • Jason Freese • Cigarettes and Valentines • American Edit • American Idiot: The Musical • Green Day: Rock Band (songs) • American Idiot: The Original Broadway Cast Recording        SUMBER:WIKIPEDIA